| a | long: as in "are" or "pass", short like English "u" or "o" |
| ä | sound between a and e, as it is used most for "a" in English |
| c | sundry employment as k, s or ts |
| ch | no English equivalent, speak by your throat |
| ck | k shortening the preceding vowel |
| e | long as in English "way" without pronouncing the y, short like in "neck" sometimes used to longer a vowel |
| ei | like i or y are most used in English (for example: combine) |
| eu | English equivalent: oy |
| ey | the same as "ei" (look there) |
| g | mostly the same pronounciation of "g", independant from the following letter |
| h | generally used as consonant "h" also used to longer a vowel |
| i | long like English "ee", short the same as in English |
| ie | like English "ee" |
| j | the consonant part of "y" |
| o | similar to English "o" but more clear |
| ö | like English use e, i or u before r |
| r | don't roll it |
| s | most like English "z", in many cases like English "s" |
| sch | like English "sh", also used instead of "ge" or "j" |
| sp | most used like English "shp", sometimes like "sp" |
| st | most like sht, in many cases like st |
| ß | pronounced as "s" |
| th | antiquated version of "t" |
| tio | pronounced as "tsyo" |
| u | like English "oo" |
| ü | no English equivalent, create a hybrid of "ooy" |
| v | between English "v" and "f" |
| w | like English "v" |
| y | same part as ü, i or j |
| z | pronounced as "ts" |
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